Texas penitentiary huntsville - A family feud over drugs, money and fried fish roils the heart of the Texas prison system. By Keri Blakinger. It is 11 a.m. on a Saturday and the sun is shining on …

 
On October 1, 1849, the first prisoner, a convicted horse thief from Fayette County, entered the partially completed Texas State Penitentiary at Huntsville. The law authorized gubernatorial appointment of three commissioners to locate a site and choose a superintendent and three directors to manage the institution.. Gimkitt

Prisons. Region I. The Huntsville Unit in Huntsville is a prison operated by the Correctional Institutions Division; it houses the state execution chamber Allan B. Polunsky Unit, the location of the men's death row Clemens Unit. Eastham Unit; Ellis Unit; W.J. Estelle Unit; Ferguson Unit; Thomas Goree Unit; Huntsville Unit – Texas State …John Ramirez was executed at the Texas state penitentiary in Huntsville for the 2004 killing of Pablo Castro. Texas Department of Criminal Justice via AP, File "Look upon John with your grace," he ...936-295-6331. Address for mailing an inmate: Inmate Name, ID Number. Thomas Goree Unit- Correctional Institution. 7405 Highway 75 South, Huntsville, TX, 77344. Now that you know some of the basic information of the jail, you may want to use the inmate search to find an inmate.Uncovering the East Texas Penitentiary . Archaeology during the Penitentiary Era at Rusk State Hospital. SWCA Environmental Consultants. September 22, 2023. ... The furniture factory was one of the buildings destroyed during the 1911 fire and manufacturing moved to Huntsville afterward. Based on historical records, the furniture ...Huntsville, Texas (936) 437-3250. Plainview 304 West 6th St Plainview, Texas (806) 296-4525. E-mail [email protected] or call today to schedule an interview. Find an event near you! Correctional Officer Benefits. Vacation Leave; Sick Leave & Paid Holidays; Retirement Plan; Group Life and Health Insurance;Here is the format for how you must address a letter to a prisoner at Holliday Unit (NF) – Texas Transfer Facility: INMATE NAME AND REGISTER NUMBER. Holliday Unit (NF) – Texas Transfer Facility. 295 IH-45 North. Huntsville TX, … W. J. "Jim" Estelle Unit (E2, originally the Ellis II Unit) also known as the Estelle Supermax Penitentiary, is a prison located on Farm to Market Road 3478 in unincorporated Walker County, Texas, United States, 10 miles (16 km) north of central Huntsville. The prison, with about 5,459 acres (2,209 ha) of space, is operated by the Texas ... The first execution by lethal injection takes place at the state penitentiary in Huntsville, Texas. Charles Brooks, Jr., convicted of murdering an auto mechanic, received an intravenous injection of sodium pentathol, the barbiturate that is known as a “truth serum” when administered in lesser doses. Texas, the national leader in executions, adopted …Texas Department of Criminal Justice | PO Box 99 | Huntsville, Texas 77342-0099 | (936) 295-6371Byrd Unit, State Penitentiary, Huntsville, Texas, USA 2019-10-08T18:25:33Z Orbiting flight clockwise viewing the prison buildings and grounds. -- Available in HD and 4k -- 3840 x 2160 - 300.2 MB - …May 26, 2023 · The Texas State Penitentiary at Huntsville, commonly referred to as Huntsville Unit, was established in 1849 as a prison for men. Over the years, the prison has expanded and undergone several renovations, but it remains one of the oldest and most well-known prisons in Texas. The Texas Department of Criminal Justice began in 1849, when the first state prison, Texas State Penitentiary at Huntsville, was built in Huntsville. One of its most notable features is that to this day, it houses an execution chamber …Notable Inmates. This list does not include death row inmates who were housed in other units and executed in Huntsville on the days of their executions. Name. Number. Status. Details. Chad Butler. Transferred to Huntsville from the Terrell Unit in Brazoria County, Texas on the week of his release from the TDCJ system. Known as Pimp C, a rapper. Huntsville, TX 77344. Phone: (936) 295-6331. Location: Four miles south of downtown Huntsville on Highway 75 South in Walker County. Unit Full Name: Thomas Goree Unit. Senior Warden: Cynthia Tilley. Regional Director: Daniel Dickerson, Region I. Deputy Division Director: Eric Guerrero. Texas State Penitentiary at Huntsville or Huntsville Unit , nicknamed "Walls Unit", is a Texas state prison located in Huntsville, Texas, United States. The approximately 54.36-acre facility, near downtown Huntsville, is operated by the Correctional Institutions Division of the Texas Department of Criminal Justice. The facility, the oldest Texas state prison, …The lawsuit says the Texas prison cells have reached 149 degrees. ... in August 2023, detailing extreme heat conditions in the Estelle Unit in Huntsville, Texas. ...Intro by Cre80s https://linktr.ee/cre80sIf you would like to make a contribution, my Patreon can be found here https://www.patreon.com/carpetbagger A Donatio...1.4 Visitation Schedule (Periods of Visitation): 1.4.1 Visits usually occur on Saturday and Sunday between 8:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. 1.4.2 Normally, one (1) visit per …Aug 24, 2022 · The heat has killed prisoners and cost millions of taxpayer dollars in wrongful death and civil rights lawsuits, with a recent fatal heat stroke reported in 2018. In 2011 — a blisteringly hot ... News Inmates Report Dangerous Practices Inside The Texas Prison With The Most Coronavirus Deaths. The Wynne Unit in Huntsville has had at least 10 deaths connected to the new coronavirus.The prison system began as a single institution, located in Huntsville, known as the Huntsville Penitentiary. Convicts were put to work in various shops and factories housed within the institution. In 1871, the legislature directed that the penitentiary be leased to private individuals (Chapter 21, 12th Legislature, 1st Called Session). The Thomas Goree Unit ( GR) is a Texas Department of Criminal Justice men's prison, located in Huntsville, Texas, 4 miles (6.4 km) south of downtown Huntsville on Texas State Highway 75 South. The Goree Unit is located within Region I. [1] First opened in 1911, it served as the only women's correctional facility in Texas until 1982, after the ... Texas Department of Criminal Justice | PO Box 99 | Huntsville, Texas 77342-0099 | (936) 295-6371George Beto Unit. 1391 FM 3328. Tennessee Colony, TX 75880. Phone: (903) 928-2217 (**022) Location: Six miles south of Tennessee Colony on FM 3328 in Anderson County. Unit Full Name: George Beto Unit. Senior Warden: Patrick Cooper. Regional Director: Carol Monroe, Region II. Deputy Division Director: Miguel Martinez.The Huntsville Unit is a medium security level prison in Walker County, Texas. It opened in 1849 and is known as the facility that has Texas’s execution chamber. However, death row inmates are not housed in this unit. They are usually transported here from other locations. The Huntsville Unit can hold a maximum of 1,705 male inmates.The prison system began as a single institution, located in Huntsville, known as the Huntsville Penitentiary. Convicts were put to work in various shops and factories housed within the institution. In 1871, the legislature directed that the penitentiary be leased to private individuals (Chapter 21, 12th Legislature, 1st Called Session).Huntsville, Texas (936) 437-3250. Plainview 304 West 6th St Plainview, Texas (806) 296-4525. E-mail [email protected] or call today to schedule an interview. Find an event near you! Correctional Officer Benefits. Vacation Leave; Sick Leave & Paid Holidays; Retirement Plan; Group Life and Health Insurance;Ferguson Unit. / 30.95861°N 95.70472°W / 30.95861; -95.70472. Jim Ferguson Unit ( FE) is a Texas Department of Criminal Justice prison for men located in unincorporated Madison County, Texas. The 4,355-acre (1,762 ha) prison is located on Farm to Market Road 247, near Midway and 20 miles (32 km) northwest of Huntsville.Texas State Penitentiary at Huntsville. Texas State Penitentiary at Huntsville, also known as Walls Unit and Huntsville Unit, is a Texas prison. It was the first enclosed penitentiary in Texas. Legislation passed on March 13, 1848, called for the building of the prison. A location was selected – trying to stay within a budget and a size limit.Texas Corrections will only accept book parcels at Huntsville Unit Texas State Penitentiary at Huntsville when they are delivered by USPS. Any parcels delivered by way of a courier facility like UPS or Fedex will most likely be rejected because they need to have a signature during delivery and no corrections officer will sign for any delivery on behalf …The prisoners demands centered around improved conditions of which 28 were met. Despite the high death toll this riot is not the only prison riot worthy of notation. In 1974, the Carrasco Prison Siege in the Walls Unit in Huntsville took place from July 24 to August 3, 1974, making it the longest prison standoff in United States prison history. This article was written in 2022 and Jim would still be in prison with four more years left on his sentence. On June 16, 1928, Jim Norton was assigned to the Ferguson Farm, located seventeen miles north of Huntsville. He was reassigned to the Huntsville “Walls” Unit on August 3, 1928. Jim got into a heap of trouble on New Year's Day of 1929 ... Texas Prison Museum Huntsville is perhaps best known as the home of the Texas State Penitentiary. Established in 1848 as the first state prison, it has housed generations of Texans. Hear their stories, and get to know the inner workings of the prison, when you stop by the Texas Prison Museum. 491 State Highway 75 North Huntsville, TX 77320 (936 ...You are here Home > Historical Buildings > Texas State Penitentiary at Huntsville - Walls Unit. Although it hasn’t been in use since the 1950s, this unit, an abandoned death row, ... 7.3 mi. — Huntsville, Texas. The Woodbine Hotel and Restaurant. 26.9 mi. — Madisonville, Texas. Ghosts Along the Texas CoastUncovering the East Texas Penitentiary . Archaeology during the Penitentiary Era at Rusk State Hospital. SWCA Environmental Consultants. September 22, 2023. ... The furniture factory was one of the buildings destroyed during the 1911 fire and manufacturing moved to Huntsville afterward. Based on historical records, the furniture ...Archives and Information Services Division, Texas State Library and Archives Commission, Austin, Texas. Convict Registers, vols. 1998/038-138–1998/038-176. ... Most served in Huntsville, though there are records for inmates who served in Rusk Penitentiary, ... Death row was in the East Building of the Huntsville Unit from 1928 to 1952. From 1952 until 1965, the electric chair was in a building by the East Wall of the Huntsville Unit. The men on death row were moved from the Huntsville Unit to the Ellis Unit in 1965. Death row remained at the Ellis Unit until 1999. In 1999, the TDCJ moved death row to ... The business of Huntsville is the Texas Department of Criminal Justice, known as the T.D.C.J., which has its headquarters here. There are seven prisons in the area, housing about 13,400 inmates. The prison containing death row, where there are 443 condemned people, is in Livingston, 40 miles away.9) Texas State Penitentiary at Huntsville – Walls Unit – Huntsville, TX. Among Texas prisons, the State Penitentiary in Huntsville is the most haunted. Although the building hasn’t been in use since the early 1950s, the area known as Death Row remains persistently active. Those who dare to visit will likely experience the sounds of chains ...Official site of the Texas Department of Criminal Justice. Inmate Visitation Unit Visitation Schedule. Unit Visitation Schedule showing unit names and visiting hours for each type …Ferguson Unit. / 30.95861°N 95.70472°W / 30.95861; -95.70472. Jim Ferguson Unit ( FE) is a Texas Department of Criminal Justice prison for men located in unincorporated Madison County, Texas. The 4,355-acre (1,762 ha) prison is located on Farm to Market Road 247, near Midway and 20 miles (32 km) northwest of Huntsville.Texas Department of Criminal Justice | PO Box 99 | Huntsville, Texas 77342-0099 | (936) 295-6371Additional Details: Thousand of gifts on display. Home of the Texas Prison Rodeo. Gifts displayed and sold at the inmate Handicraft gift shop are made by the inmates trust fund. Leather craft, gem-cutting, silver craft, painting and woodworking are but a few of the crafts displayed. Previous Product. Ages 6/17 - $4; 5 years and under - No Charge. Contact Information: 936-295-2155. 491 Hwy 75 N. Huntsville, TX 77320. David L. Stacks - Director. [email protected]. Riley Tilley - Gift Shop Manager. The following is a list of people executed by the U.S. state of Texas between 1940 and 1949. During this period 78 people were executed by electrocution at the Huntsville Unit in Texas. Executions 1940–1949. 1940 – 8 executions # Executed person Race Age Sex Date of execution Crime(s) Governor 179: J.W. Rickman: White: 22: M:The oldest jail in the state of Texas is Huntsville Prison. Huntsville has the dubious distinction of having more prisoners than any other city in Texas, nin...Huntsville Unit Huntsville Unit is a medium custody prison located in Walker County Texas. The facility, which opened in 1849, is sometimes referred to as "Walls Unit" due to the large brick wall that surrounds the building. Huntsville Unit has the distinction of being the facility which houses the execution chamber in the State of Texas.HUNTSVILLE, Texas (AP) — A Texas man convicted of strangling a 5-year-old girl who was taken from a Walmart store nearly 22 years ago and burning her body was executed Thursday evening. David Renteria, 53, was pronounced dead at 7:11 p.m. CST following an injection at the state penitentiary in Huntsville for the killing of Alexandra …May 26, 2023 · The Texas State Penitentiary at Huntsville, commonly referred to as Huntsville Unit, was established in 1849 as a prison for men. Over the years, the prison has expanded and undergone several renovations, but it remains one of the oldest and most well-known prisons in Texas. And this is why Texas currently represents the largest prison system in the United States, with the most prisons and prisoners. Around 133,772 inmates are incarcerated in 104 prisons in Texas state [add internal link], out of which seven units are in Huntsville Texas. Of all the cities, Huntsville is known as the Prison Capital of Texas; …Texas State Penitentiary at Huntsville or Huntsville Unit , nicknamed "Walls Unit", is a Texas state prison located in Huntsville, Texas, United States. The approximately …Huntsville Unit Huntsville Unit is a medium custody prison located in Walker County Texas. The facility, which opened in 1849, is sometimes referred to as "Walls Unit" due to the large brick wall that surrounds the building. Huntsville Unit has the distinction of being the facility which houses the execution chamber in the State of Texas.A Texas man convicted of strangling a 5-year-old girl who was taken from a ... was pronounced dead at 7:11 p.m. CST following an injection at the state penitentiary in Huntsville for the killing ...HUNTSVILLE, TEXAS Walker County Seat, East Texas 30°43'20"N 95°33'12"W (30.711254, -95.548373) Interstate 45 and 75 Highways 190, 19 and 30 68 ... 1847: Huntsville becomes home of the Texas State Penitentiary. The prison received its first inmate in 1849. During ...The first execution by lethal injection takes place at the state penitentiary in Huntsville, Texas. Charles Brooks, Jr., convicted of murdering an auto mechanic, received an intravenous injection of sodium pentathol, the barbiturate that is known as a “truth serum” when administered in lesser doses. Texas, the national leader in executions, adopted …This undated photo provided by the Texas Department of Criminal Justice shows Texas death row inmate William Speer, who faces execution Thursday, Oct. 26, 2023, for killing another prisoner more ... The Texas Department of Criminal Justice began in 1849, when the first state prison, Texas State Penitentiary at Huntsville, was built in Huntsville. One of its most notable features is that to this day, it houses an execution chamber that operates all the executions within the state of Texas. Huntsville, TX 77320. Phone: (936) 295-5768 (**008) Location: One mile north of downtown Huntsville on FM 247 in Walker County. Unit Full Name: James "Jay" H. Byrd Unit. Senior Warden: Charles Landis. Regional Director: Daniel Dickerson, Region I. Deputy Division Director: Eric Guerrero. Date Unit Established or On Line: May 1964.Texas Department of Criminal Justice | PO Box 99 | Huntsville, Texas 77342-0099 | (936) 295-6371Every year, some 100 inmates who die in the Texas prison system are buried at Captain Joe Byrd Cemetery outside Huntsville, the nation’s largest prison graveyard, according to the New York Times ...Assignment Huntsville: Memoirs of a Texas Prison Official. University of Texas Press, 1957. Texas Legislature, ... 1875 to Investigate the Alleged Mismanagement and Cruel Treatment of Convicts, 1875. Texas Legislature, Report of the Penitentiary Investigation Committee including All Exhibits and Testimony taken by the Committee, 1910.Your first step in visiting with an inmate is by filling out the visitation application. Visitation hours at the John M. Wynne Unit are Saturdays and Sundays from 9:00 a.m. through 3:00 p.m. Each and every inmate that enters the facility has to be identified properly. The number one goal of the facility is to keep all staff, inmates, and ...News Inmates Report Dangerous Practices Inside The Texas Prison With The Most Coronavirus Deaths. The Wynne Unit in Huntsville has had at least 10 deaths connected to the new coronavirus.Archives and Information Services Division, Texas State Library and Archives Commission, Austin, Texas. Convict Registers, vols. 1998/038-138–1998/038-176. ... Most served in Huntsville, though there are records for inmates who served in Rusk Penitentiary, ...As a result of the Army prisoner scandal and the investigation of 1875, the Legislature authorized the construction of a second state penitentiary at Rusk, a town about 90 miles north of Huntsville that was located near a rich deposit of iron ore and the vast timberlands of East Texas. Rusk Penitentiary was intended to solve the problem of ... Texas Department of Criminal Justice. Correctional Institutions Division. PO Box 99. Huntsville, TX 77342-0099. Phone: (936) 437-2173. Fax: (936) 437-6325. Texas History 101 Texas History 101 The state's first enclosed penitentiary, a 225-cell facility in Huntsville, has weathered some hard times and expanded to include seven prison units.The Texas State Penitentiary at Huntsville opened in 1849, one year after the state legislature created the penitentiary system. As the first state prison in Texas, the Huntsville site soon became known as the "Walls Unit" for the 15-foot brick wall that surrounds the prison yard. W. J. "Jim" Estelle Unit (E2, originally the Ellis II Unit) also known as the Estelle Supermax Penitentiary, is a prison located on Farm to Market Road 3478 in unincorporated Walker County, Texas, United States, 10 miles (16 km) north of central Huntsville. The prison, with about 5,459 acres (2,209 ha) of space, is operated by the Texas ... Welcome to the official Texas Correctional Industries (TCI) Web Site. Come on in and view our products in Graphics, Janitorial, Garment (Textile), Modular, Furniture and Metal! Home About Us Programs Publications Showrooms FAQs Customer Survey Contact Us Intranet: City & County Municipalities: Law Enforcement:936-295-6331. Address for mailing an inmate: Inmate Name, ID Number. Thomas Goree Unit- Correctional Institution. 7405 Highway 75 South, Huntsville, TX, 77344. Now that you know some of the basic information of the jail, you may want to use the inmate search to find an inmate.Huntsville, TX 77320. Phone: (936) 295-5768 (**008) Location: One mile north of downtown Huntsville on FM 247 in Walker County. Unit Full Name: James "Jay" H. Byrd Unit. Senior Warden: Charles Landis. Regional Director: Daniel Dickerson, Region I. Deputy Division Director: Eric Guerrero. Date Unit Established or On Line: May 1964.Feb 27, 2024 · You can use this information to get in touch with an inmate or to call and ask specific information. Address of the jail: Texas State Prison - Huntsville Unit. 815 12th Street, Huntsville, TX, 77348. Phone number of the jail: 936-437-1555. Address for mailing an inmate: Inmate Name, ID Number. Get Texas State Penitentiary at Huntsville. Walls Unit in TX prison system. Aerial orbit. Electrocution that includes prison & huntsville, from our library of Buildings Stock Footage. Get unlimited downloads with an Envato Elements subscription!The Legislature did allocate approximately $85 million for "additional deferred maintenance projects," in Texas prisons, and TDCJ is using that money to pay for air …Mar 21, 2023 · Texas Department of Criminal Justice | PO Box 99 | Huntsville, Texas 77342-0099 | (936) 295-6371 Austin Price/KUT. Arnold Darby, a 69-year-old inmate at Huntsville's Goree Unit, speaks with the Texas Standard about his craft as a bootmaker. While in prison, he has made boots for people all across the state, including politicians and athletes. Like any other cobbler, it took Arnold Darby years to learn the ins and outs of his trade.Assignment Huntsville: Memoirs of a Texas Prison Official. University of Texas Press, 1957. Texas Legislature, ... 1875 to Investigate the Alleged Mismanagement and Cruel Treatment of Convicts, 1875. Texas Legislature, Report of the Penitentiary Investigation Committee including All Exhibits and Testimony taken by the Committee, 1910.

Huntsville, Texas. 1968. The Walls is a walled penitentiary, the oldest unit of the system and located near the center of the town of Huntsville. Courtesy of Danny Lyon/Edwynn Houk Gallery. Locate phone number free

texas penitentiary huntsville

Office of Superintendent of Texas State Penitentiary, Huntsville, Texas, April 2, 1880. To Sergeants in charge of Convict Camps of the Texas State Penitentiary: It has just been three years since I was first appointed …The Texas State Penitentiary at Huntsville opened in 1849, one year after the state legislature created the penitentiary system. As the first state prison in Texas, the Huntsville site soon became known as the "Walls …The prisoners demands centered around improved conditions of which 28 were met. Despite the high death toll this riot is not the only prison riot worthy of notation. In 1974, the Carrasco Prison Siege in the Walls Unit in Huntsville took place from July 24 to August 3, 1974, making it the longest prison standoff in United States prison history.HUNTSVILLE, Texas (AP) — A Texas man convicted of strangling a 5-year-old girl who was taken from a Walmart store nearly 22 years ago and burning her body was executed Thursday evening. David Renteria, 53, was pronounced dead at 7:11 p.m. CST following an injection at the state penitentiary in Huntsville for the killing of Alexandra …The Texas Department of Corrections and its predecessors recorded personal data and commitment information about convicts entering the Texas prison system at Rusk Penitentiary and Huntsville Penitentiary in these ledgers dating 1849-1976. Click here to enter the records. Click here to access the online finding aidThe Texas 7 were a group of prisoners who escaped from the John B. Connally Unit near Kenedy, Texas, on December 13, 2000. Six of the seven were apprehended over a month later, between January 22–24, 2001, as a direct result of …Every year, some 100 inmates who die in the Texas prison system are buried at Captain Joe Byrd Cemetery outside Huntsville, the nation’s largest prison graveyard, according to the New York Times ...Huntsville Unit Huntsville Unit is a medium custody prison located in Walker County Texas. The facility, which opened in 1849, is sometimes referred to as "Walls Unit" due to the large brick wall that surrounds the building. Huntsville Unit has the distinction of being the facility which houses the execution chamber in the State of Texas. Huntsville, TX 77320. Phone: (936) 295-5768 (**008) Location: One mile north of downtown Huntsville on FM 247 in Walker County. Unit Full Name: James "Jay" H. Byrd Unit. Senior Warden: Charles Landis. Regional Director: Daniel Dickerson, Region I. Deputy Division Director: Eric Guerrero. Date Unit Established or On Line: May 1964. This undated photo provided by the Texas Department of Criminal Justice shows Texas death row inmate William Speer, who faces execution Thursday, Oct. 26, 2023, for killing another prisoner more ...Jones was executed by lethal injection at the Texas State Penitentiary at Huntsville and pronounced dead at 6:40 p.m., around 10 minutes after the lethal dose began, the Texas Department of ...Published 6:09 PM PDT, March 9, 2023. HUNTSVILLE, Texas (AP) — Texas has executed an inmate convicted of the drug-related killings of four people more than 30 years ago, including a woman who was 9-months pregnant. Arthur Brown Jr., 52, insisted he was innocent before receiving a lethal injection Thursday evening at the state …Assignment Huntsville: Memoirs of a Texas Prison Official. University of Texas Press, 1957. Texas Legislature, ... 1875 to Investigate the Alleged Mismanagement and Cruel Treatment of Convicts, 1875. Texas Legislature, Report of the Penitentiary Investigation Committee including All Exhibits and Testimony taken by the Committee, 1910.Jul 23, 2019 · Introduction. Fear, Force, and Leather too often has been the motto of the Texas Penitentiary System. – George Waverly Briggs, San Antonio Express reporter, 1909. View of the yard at the Texas State Prison in Huntsville (1949 photo). Topical photographs, Photographs, Texas Department of Criminal Justice, Archives and Information Services ... God Save Texas. Excavates the State’s Dark Past—and the Hopes for Its Future. The three-part HBO documentary brings filmmakers Richard Linklater, Alex Stapleton, and Iliana Sosa back to their ...A family feud over drugs, money and fried fish roils the heart of the Texas prison system. By Keri Blakinger. It is 11 a.m. on a Saturday and the sun is shining on …A fire at the Texas State Penitentiary in Huntsville forced 655 inmates to evacuate from the Walls Unit on Friday morning. No injuries were reported.Texas. State Penitentiary at Huntsville. Usage Public Domain Mark 1.0 Collection opensource. Scan from the Early State Records Project of the United States Library of Congress. Addeddate 2024-03-10 22:04:48 Identifier esrp1273555619 Identifier-arkDudney, Ross Nathaniel. "Texas Reconstruction: The Role of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen and Abandoned Lands, 1865-1870, Smith County (Tyler) Texas." M.S. thesis, Texas A&I University, 1986. "Freedmen's Bureau Report of an Inspection of the Texas State Penitentiary at Huntsville, Walker County.".

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